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חוקרי הטכניון מצאו כיצד מסייע מבנה הרשתית בחידוד הראייה

חוקרי הטכניון הצליחו לפתור תעלומה שהעסיקה מדענים במשך 120 שנה ומצאו כיצד מסייע מבנה הרשתית בחידוד הראייה. במאמר שהתפרסם בכתב העת המדעי Physical Review Letters, הם מתארים מודל אופטי של הרשתית אותו הם בנו במחשב ודרכו הם העבירו אור

כלים

"העיניים שלנו בנויות כמו מצלמה דיגיטלית", מסביר פרופסור ארז ריבק מהפקולטה לפיסיקה, שפתר את התעלומה עם המאסטרנט שלו, עמיחי לבין. "העדשה נמצאת מלפנים והגלאי – הרשתית – מאחור. בצד האחורי של הרשתית נמצאים הגלאים (photocells) המכוסים בשכבות שקופות של נוירונים (תאי עצב). הנוירונים משמשים כמחווטים המעבדים ומעבירים את התמונה מן הגלאי למוח, אבל גם מעוותים אותה. לפני כשלוש שנים התגלה כי תאי הגליה, אשר 'חותכים' את הרשתית על פני שכבות הנוירונים, מסוגלות לעהעביר אור. עתה בנינו מודל אופטי של הרשתית והעברנו אור דרכו. גילינו כי רק אור שמגיע ממרכז האישון נלכד בתאי הגליה ומועבר ישירות לגלאים. אור אשר 'זולג' מתאים סמוכים או מגיע מהפריפריה – ואשר עשוי לפגוע בחדות הראייה שלנו – מוחזר ומופץ ולא עובר לגלאים. מצב זה לא היה אפשרי אם הגלאים היו נמצאים לפני שכבות הנוירונים.

Tags:

ארז ריבק

חידוד הראייה

מבנה הרשתית

עמיחי לבין

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